Prehranska biokemija

Opis predmeta

Katabolno-anabolne pretvorbe v različnih fizioloških stanjih organizma; v hranilnem / ne-hranilnem obdobju, telesnem naporu, stradanju, stresu, travmi, izpostavitvi mrazu in odraščanju. Nevralni in hormonski nadzor prebavnih podprocesov: gibanja in izločanja v prebavilih. Prebava ogljikovih hidratov in beljakovin, absorpcija njihovih presnovkov v prebavilih. Prebava in absorpcija lipidov. Biliarni sistem, enterohepatično kroženje žolčnih kislin in urobilinski ciklus. Holesterol v prehrani. Regulacija energijskega metabolizma: možgani in energijski metabolizem, hormonska regulacija, alkohol in poživila, debelost. Najpomembnejše presnovne in prebavne motnje. Vpliv prehrane na zdravje človeka. Nutrigenomika in nutrigenetika. Ateroskleroza. Bolezni srca in ožilja, diabetes. Prehrana in rak.

Spojine sekundarnega metabolizma: razdelitev, razširjenost. Pregled in glavne stopnje biosinteznih poti izoprenoidov, fenolnih spojin in taninov. Mesta regulacije. Pomen nekaterih sekundarnih metabolitov, posebno izoprenoidov (kot karotenoidov) in fenolnih spojin (fenolnih kislin, antocianov in flavonoidov) za človeško prehrano. Potencialni biološki učinki. Biorazpoložljivost fenolnih spojin.

Cilji in kompetence

Izobraževalni cilji: Študenti bodo poglobili znanje o glavnih metaboličnih poteh primarnega in sekundarnega metabolizma, njihovi regulaciji in delovanju posameznih tkiv in organov ter presnovi v različnih bolezenskih stanjih.

Študijski rezultati: Vse to naj bi študentom omogočilo razumevanje in povezovanje kompleksnih procesov metabolizma in pravilni prehrani.

Metode poučevanja in učenja

Predavanja, priprava seminarjev – timsko delo in debate.

Predvideni študijski rezultati

Znanje in razumevanje.

Reference nosilca

Prof. dr. Nataša Poklar Ulrih

1. POLAK, Andraž, TAREK, Mounir, TOMŠIČ, Matija, VALANT, Janez, POKLAR ULRIH, Nataša, JAMNIK, Andrej, KRAMAR, Peter, MIKLAVČIČ, Damijan. Electroporation of archaeal lipid membranes using MD simulations. Bioelectrochemistry, ISSN 1567-5394. [Print ed.], 2014, str. [1-9, v tisku], doi: /10.1016/j.bioelechem.2013.12.006. [COBISS.SI-ID 4362104]
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5. BATISTA NAPOTNIK, Tina, VALANT, Janez, GMAJNER, Dejan, PASSAMONTI, Sabina, MIKLAVČIČ, Damijan, POKLAR ULRIH, Nataša. Cytotoxicity and uptake of archaeosomes prepared from Aeropyrum pernix lipids. Human and experimental toxicology, ISSN 0960-3271, 2013, vol. 32, no. 9, str. 950-959. http://het.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/02/20/0960327113477875.full.pdf+html, doi: 10.1177/0960327113477875. [COBISS.SI-ID 4203384]
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Prof. dr. Tadej Battelino

1. KOVAČ, Jernej, MACEDONI-LUKŠIČ, Marta, TREBUŠAK PODKRAJŠEK, Katarina, KLANČAR, Gašper, BATTELINO, Tadej. Rare single nucleotide polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of the superoxide dismutase genes in autism spectrum disorder. Autism research, ISSN 1939-3806, 2014, vol. 7, iss. 1, str. 138-144. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aur.1345/abstracte, doi: 10.1002/aur.1345. [COBISS.SI-ID 1272236]
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4. SEDEJ, Katarina, KOTNIK, Primož, AVBELJ, Magdalena, GROŠELJ, Urh, ŠIRCA-ČAMPA, Andreja, LUSA, Lara, BATTELINO, Tadej, BRATINA, Nataša. Decreased prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia and stabilisation of obesity trends in 5-year-old children : possible effects of changed public health policies. European journal of endocrinology, ISSN 0804-4643, Feb. 2014, vol. 170, iss. 2, str. 295-302. http://eje-online.org/content/early/2013/11/13/EJE-13-0566.long, doi: 10.1530/EJE-13-0566. [COBISS.SI-ID 31060697]
5. PERME, Tina, POKORN, Marko, MARKELJ, Gašper, AVČIN, Tadej, BATTELINO, Tadej, URŠIČ, Tina, VIDMAR, Ivan, GROSEK, Štefan. Two episodes of systemic capillary leak syndrome in an eight-year-old boy, following influenza A virus infection. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, ISSN 0891-3668, Feb. 2014, vol. 33, iss.2, str. 222-224. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/?term=Two+episodes+of+systemic+capillary+leak+syndrome+in+an+eight-year-old+boy%2C+following+influenza+A+virus+infection. +A+case+report, doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000029. [COBISS.SI-ID 30796505]
6. KÄRNER, J., TREBUŠAK PODKRAJŠEK, Katarina, BRATANIČ, Nevenka, BATTELINO, Tadej, et al. Anti-cytokine autoantibodies suggest pathogenetic links with autoimmune regulator deficiency in humans and mice. Clinical and experimental immunology, ISSN 0009-9104, mar. 2013, vol. 171, iss. 3, str. 263-272, doi: 10.1111/cei.12024. [COBISS.SI-ID 757676]

Temeljni viri in literatura

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• D. S. Seigler. Plant Secondary Metabolism. (1998). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, U.S.A., str. 486-500.
• revijalni članki s področja, tekoča periodika, druga učna gradiva…