Subject description
Amplitude and time dynamics of the generalized measurement channel: signal conditioning, sampling, and quantization. Uncertainty principles: the time-frequency uncertainty and the time-amplitude uncertainty. The principle of the limited signal decreasing and leakage effect. Analysis of the characteristic parameters of the measurement signals and systems in the time, frequency, and information domain. Measurement and estimation of the basic periodic parameters (frequency, amplitude, and phase) in the time and frequency domain in the presence of noise. Comparison of the measurement uncertainties with the theoretically achievable Cramér-Rao bounds.
Electromagnetic compatibility of system, sources and suppression of disturbances. The process measurement system sensitivity to measurement, influence, and disturbance quantities. Coupling mechanisms to external sources: galvanic, capacitive, inductive, and electromagnetic coupling. Methods of improving the response of the measurement systems with hardware and software. Hardware approach: shape the impulse response of the front stages, symmetry of the inputs, shielding and grounding in the measurement systems. Software approach: filtering, averaging, modulation, and analysis with discrete Fourier transformation.
Selected topics on hardware and software dynamics for acquisition, conversion and estimation of the process quantities. Automatic acquisition of the measurement data and their processing with computers.
The subject is taught in programs
Objectives and competences
To upgrade the knowledge of the measurement science and introduce students to the state-of-the-art topics of the measurement dynamics. Provide approaches how to reduce the disturbances in the measurement systems and improved electromagnetic compatibility.
Teaching and learning methods
Lectures, an introduction to theoretical basis of measurement dynamics and electromagnetic compatibility with analysis of actual papers and books in the form of seminar work. In the second part, solving of more complex problem in the project work on faculty, research institute or company. For specific topics, possible collaboration with experts in this field under international organization IMEKO – International Measurement Confederation (section TC4 – Measurement of electrical quantities).
Expected study results
Understanding of fundamentals of measurement dynamics and possibilities of improving the measurement result by signal processing.
Understanding of electromagnetic compatibility and suppression of disturbind signals in the measuring systems.
Basic sources and literature
[1] A. V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky, S. Hamid, Signals and Systems (2nd Edition), Pearson Education Lim. 2014.
[2] J. Štremfelj, D. Agrež, "'Nonparametric estimation of power quantities in the frequency domain using Rife-Vincent windows", IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 2171-2184, Aug. 2013.
[3] F. J. Harris, "On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with the Discrete Fourier Transform", Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 51-83, January 1978.
[4] B. Widrow, I. Kollar, Quantization Noise, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, 2008.
[5] H. W. Ott, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, John Willey&Sons, 2009.
[6] J.G. Webster, H. Eren, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition: Two-Volume Set, CRC, Springer, IEEE Press, 2014.
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